ABSTRACT
Gastric cancer mainly spreads to the liver, peritoneum, and lymph nodes and rarely metastasizes to the gallbladder. The prognosis of gastric cancer with metastasis to the gallbladder is reported to be very poor, and presentation with cholecystitis is a prognostic factor. Herein, we present a case of gastric cancer with metastasis to the gallbladder, accompanied by acute cholecystitis.
Subject(s)
Cholecystitis , Cholecystitis, Acute , Gallbladder , Liver , Lymph Nodes , Neoplasm Metastasis , Peritoneum , Prognosis , Stomach NeoplasmsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense, against pathogens and environmental pollutants, in the lungs. Cellular stress by cadmium (Cd), resulting in airway inflammation, is assumed to be directly involved in tissue injury, linked to the development of lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We had earlier shown that ACN9 (chromosome 7q21), is a potential candidate gene for COPD, and identified significant interaction with smoking, based on genetic studies. However, the role of ACN9 in the inflammatory response, in the airway cells, has not yet been reported. METHODS: We first checked the anatomical distribution of ACN9 in lung tissues, using mRNA in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. Gene expression profiling in bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), was performed, after silencing ACN9. We further tested the roles of ACN9, in the intracellular mechanism, leading to Cd-induced production, of proinflammatory cytokines in BEAS-2B. RESULTS: ACN9 was localized in lymphoid, and epithelial cells, of human lung tissues. ACN9 silencing, led to differential expression of 216 genes. Pathways of sensory perception to chemical stimuli, and cell surface receptor-linked signal transduction, were significantly enriched. ACN9 silencing, further increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, in BEAS-2B after Cd exposure. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest, that ACN9 may have a role, in the inflammatory response in the airway.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cadmium , Cytokines , Environmental Pollutants , Epithelial Cells , Gene Expression , Gene Expression Profiling , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Hybridization , Inflammation , Lung , Lung Neoplasms , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , RNA, Messenger , Signal Transduction , Smoke , Smoking , Succinate DehydrogenaseABSTRACT
A-43-year-old man visited our clinic due to pain and swelling of his left first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint since 6-months ago. He was diagnosed as gouty arthritis at private clinic and took hypouricemic agent, but he had progressive pain and swelling. There was swelling, erythema and tenderness and ulceration at base of the left first MTP joint. His laboratory results showed elevated C-reactive protein and normal serum uric acid level. The plain radiograph of foot showed bone destruction of left first MTP joint. MRI revealed joint space narrowing, soft tissue swelling and subchondral cyst. He underwent excisional biopsy and histology demonstrated chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis. Tissue polymerase chain reaction for mycobacterium tuberculosis was positive. He was diagnosed as tuberculous osteomyelitis. He started on quadruple anti-tuberculous therapy and his symptom was improved. Early diagnosis and anti-tuberculosis therapy could lead to improve outcomes.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Gouty , Biopsy , Bone Cysts , C-Reactive Protein , Early Diagnosis , Erythema , Foot , Gout , Inflammation , Joints , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Metatarsophalangeal Joint , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Necrosis , Osteomyelitis , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Tuberculosis , Ulcer , Uric AcidABSTRACT
Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by acute spinal cord dysfunction resulting in paresis and sensory and autonomic impairment below the level of the lesion. The etiology of ATM includes parainfectious, paraneoplastic, drug-induced, systemic autoimmune disorders, and acquired demyelinating diseases. ATM is very rare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A 79-year-old woman with RA, a recurring peptic ulcer, and congestive heart failure presented with acute weakness of both upper and lower extremities. She was diagnosed with ATM based on the results of laboratory and radiological tests. ATM is usually treated with high-dose glucocorticoid. However, we treated her with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) considering the adverse events of high-dose glucocorticoid, and she improved. We report a case of ATM in a patient with RA successfully treated with IVIG.